One Big Beautiful Bill Act

H.R. 1, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (P.L. 119-21). President Trump's signature budget reconciliation bill, extending his 2017 tax cuts while cutting nearly $1 trillion from Medicaid and imposing new work requirements for food stamps. The bill provides $75 billion in supplemental funding for Immigration and Customs Enforcement through FY2029—nearly tripling ICE's annual budget—including $45 billion for detention capacity expansion to 100,000 beds and $29.9 billion for enforcement operations and 10,000 new officers. The Senate passed the bill 51-50 on July 1, 2025, with Vice President Vance casting the tie-breaking vote after three Republicans—Susan Collins (ME), Rand Paul (KY), and Thom Tillis (NC)—joined all Democrats in opposition. The House concurred 218-214 on July 3, with Republicans Thomas Massie (KY) and Brian Fitzpatrick (PA) voting Nay. Signed into law July 4, 2025.